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Case Studies
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Community Score Cards - Andhra Pradesh
Use of Community Score Cards (CSC) in the context of health services in Andhra Pradesh is the main focus of this pilot project. This is also being tied up with the APDPRP where Mandal Samakyas (Mandal level federation of village organizations) are engaged directly with service providers and also offering support to improve service delivery to their members. The Centre for Good Governance (CGG) is the resource organization and is working in collaboration with the District team in Vishakapatnam district. A workshop has already been conducted by the World Bank in this context and the relevant stakeholders have been sensitized. This pilot conducted by CGG will essentially build on the work already done and strengthen the mechanism.
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| Participatory Expenditure Tracking Survey - Rajasthan
The Rajasthan State government has given a high priority to the effective implementation of the Midday meals programme, mandated by the Supreme Court of India, in the State. The Consumer Unity Trust Society (CUTS), a well established CSO has come forward to pilot the use of social accountability tools, specifically the Participatory Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS) in the context of midday meals scheme in Rajasthan. The objective of this pilot is to establish a methodology to review the process and outcomes of the midday meals scheme at the district level. This involves a mix of the PETS and Citizen Report Cards (CRC) tools. Desk work/ field surveys will be conducted to track expenditure releases and spending. Interviews of students, parents, teachers, cooks will be used to gauge outcomes, satisfaction levels and shortfalls (CRC method). This approach is being piloted in Chittorgarh district where CUTS has considerable field presence. A launch workshop has been conducted. The District Magistrate and other senior officers participated in this and expressed their support to the survey. For the survey, 10 students and 2 teachers from each school, and 10 parents of same village, where school is situated will be selected. Thus, a total of 2210 students, 442 teachers and 2210 parents will be interviewed after which the drafts/final reports i.e. essential documentation will take place.
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| Citizen Scorecards - Maharashtra
The use of Citizen Score Cards in the context of different sectors (health, education, water & sanitation) in Maharashtra is the focus of this pilot project. While the Gram Panchayat is responsible for water & sanitation service provisioning, the Zilla Parishad (ZP) and line departments are responsible for health and education services. The idea is to help districts measure performance of their key services and allow for improvement in the existing process especially service delivery. Also, the possibility of tying this pilot with the Jal Swarajya project is being explored. Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS) is to be the resource organization.
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Citizen Report Cards (CRC) - Sri Lanka
The Community Assessment Process in Sri Lanka involved supporting the Gemidiriya and VISHLI projects (funded by WB) and implementing the Community Assessment Methodology for select pilots. The activities included development of a user-friendly, community Operational Manual (OM) on Community Assessment Process, Capacity building and training of project stakeholders through training of trainers workshops etc, dissemination of CAP process and its benefits through various modes including community radio etc. The project also involved documentation of the piloting of CAP process in two-three pilot villages of Gemidiriya.
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| Community Score Cards - Chattisgarh
The Government of Chattisgarh is implementing the World Bank supported 'Chattisgarh District Rural Poverty Project (CGDPRP)' to improve opportunities for poor and vulnerable communities in Chattisgarh. One of the objectives of the CGDPRP is to promote more effective and accountable local governments including the district (zilla), block (janpad) and village (gram) panchayats. To achieve this objective, the project proposes to develop a performance monitoring and rating system using 'Community Score Cards' (CSC) to rate the performance of the Gram Panchayat for key service provisioning and also management of the project in the village. Another objective of the pilot is to develop a mechanism whereby the CSC scores from different GPs are used to develop a district performance score. Society for Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA) and the Public Affairs Foundation are working on the project. The pilot will be in 30 GPs in 7 districts. The CSC process has so far been initiated in 7 GPs in 2 districts.
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Case Study - Porto Alegre, Brazil: Participatory Approaches in Budgeting and Public Expenditure Management:
Participatory budgeting is a process through which newly created Regional Assemblies and the Participatory Budget Council participate in allocating resources and monitoring how they were used. The council is composed of delegates elected from municipal unions, neighborhood associations and local government. The Councils are responsible for organizing ongoing consultation meetings, representing district priorities to the municipal governments in collaboration with government representatives, establishing and monitoring the local budget. Originally started in Porto Alegre, participatory budgeting is now established in some 80 cities. The process is currently being applied to the state level covering some 500 municipalities.
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Case Study - Social Accountability and Public Voice through Community Radio Programming:
Community radio stations can be critical enablers of information, voice, and capacities for dialogue and negotiation with public authorities. The existence of a wide network of community radio stations -broadcasting sound development content, disseminating information and providing a space for debate about public issues- is an effective means for civic engagement of poor people, especially the illiterate poor. It allows for interaction, dialogue and direct community voice, as well as access to decision meetings and events.
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Case Study - Bangalore, India: Participatory Approaches in Budgeting and Public Expenditure Management:
Inspired by a private sector practice of conducting client satisfaction surveys, a small group of people in Bangalore, concerned about the city & deteriorating standards of public services, initiated an exercise in 1993 to collect feedback from users. User perceptions on the ...
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Case Study - Bangalore, India: Citizen Report Cards:
This case study demonstrates the use of citizen report cards in the city of Bangalore, India in demanding greater accountability and efficiency in the delivery of public services to the citizen. The case study describes three report cards initiatives that were undertaken in 1994, 1999 and 2003 and documents the outcomes generated as a result of these initiatives
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Case Study - Uganda: Participatory Approaches in Budgeting and Public Expenditure Management:
Budget allocation alone can be a poor indicator of the quality and quantity of public service delivered on the frontline in countries with weak institutions. While shifting of budgetary resources to priority sectors is a good first step, it is crucial to ascertain where and how the allocated sum gets spent. The 1996 Uganda-World Bank attempt at tracking public expenditure in primary education (and health) has revealed a set of surprising findings, prompting fresh thinking on issues such as service "capture", decentralization, cost efficiency and accountability.
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Case Study - Gujarat, India: Participatory Approaches in Budgeting and Public Expenditure Management:
The state of Gujarat in Western India houses over a tenth of India 's tribal population. This case study describes the initiative taken up by Development Initiatives for Social and Human Action (DISHA) to get into the business of budget analysis in 1992 to ascertain what actually was happening to funds allotted in the name of the tribals under the Tribal Area Sub-plan.
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Operational Manual For Implementing The Community Scorecard Process Rural Water Supply & Sanitation, Maharashtra:
This case study provides implementation guidelines for running community-based performance and expenditure tracking that can be included in the operations of the Maharashtra Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (RWSS) “Jalswarajya” project. It details the context, objectives, and sequencing of tasks for community-based performance monitoring, and provides guidance points, answers to troubleshooting issues, and key points to remember for on-the-ground facilitators.
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Operational Manual For Implementing The Community Scorecard Process Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project:
This manual provides guidelines for running community bases performance and expenditure tracking using the Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project (APRPRP) as a case study. The learnings from this case study provide operational guidance sufficient to bring the pilot activities to scale and to serve as a stimulant for the production of a similar Operational Manual by the APRPRP project staff.
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Case Study - Citizen Report Card:
This case study narrates the story of public services in one Indian city, Bangalore , where civil society played an active role in promoting the demand for better performance and service delivery, aided by “report cards on public services”, a monitoring and accountability tool.
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Case Study - Participatory Approaches in Public Expenditure Management, India: Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan and The Right to Information Campaign:
This case study narrates the success story of Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS) which spearheaded the demand for legislation on the Right to Information in India . The case study demonstrates how a grassroots movement in which the community demands to know the details of public expenditure eventually led to the enactment of legislations pertaining to the Right to Information (RTI) in Rajasthan as well as a number of other states in India .
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Case Study - Social Accountability and Participatory Planning – Lessons from the Kerala Experience:
This case study presents the people's planning model adopted in the Southern Indian state of Kerala. Kerala chose the instrument of participatory planning for local level development. This succeeded to a considerable extent in harnessing public action in favour of decentralization, setting the agenda and forcing the pace. This case study elaborates further on this unique planning model
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